INSIDE
FRONT SIDE
Tuesday, April 8, 2008
Konkrit
- Konkrit merupakan salah satu bahan yang amat penting dalam kerja-kerja pembinaan sesebuah bangunan.
- Konkrit dihasilkan daripada beberapa bahan seperti simen, batu-baur, pasir dan air.
- Simen yang telah disatukan dengan batu-baur dan pasir akan mengeras setelah dicampurkan dengan air dan membentuk konrit basah ( fresh concrete ).
- Proses kimia yang berlaku tersebut dinamakan proses hidrasi iaitu proses pengeringan.
- Konkrit digunakan bagi tujuan membina bahagian-bahagian yang terdapat pada bangunan seperti tiang, dinding, lantai dan sebagainya.
Terdapat 5 jenis bahan campuran yang digunakan di dalam konkrit:
- Retarding admixture - bahan yang digunakan untuk melambatkan masa pengeringan konkrit.
- Accelerator - merupakan bahan untuk mempercepatkan masa pengeringan konkrit.
- Super Plasticizers - bahan campuran untuk mengurangkan kandungan air di dalam konkrit dengan kadar yang banyak.
- Water reducer- bahan campuran untuk mengurangkan kandungan air didalam konkrit dengan kadar yang sedikit bagi penurunan yang sekata.
- Air-entrainer - digunakan bagi memerangkap udara di dalam konkrit.
Building Science
Cement
The most general sense of the word, cement is a binder, a substance which sets and hardens independently, and can bind other materials together. The name "cement" goes back to the Romans who used the term "opus caementitium" to describe masonry which resembled concrete and was made from crushed rock with burnt lime as binder. The volcanic ash and pulverized brick additives which were added to the burnt lime to obtain a hydraulic binder were later referred to as cementum, cimentum, cäment and cement. Cements used in construction are characterized as hydraulic or non-hydraulic.
The most important use of cement is the production of mortar and concrete - the bonding of natural or artificial aggregates to form a strong building material which is durable in the face of normal environmental effects.
-There 2 main types of cement used in Malaysia:
The most general sense of the word, cement is a binder, a substance which sets and hardens independently, and can bind other materials together. The name "cement" goes back to the Romans who used the term "opus caementitium" to describe masonry which resembled concrete and was made from crushed rock with burnt lime as binder. The volcanic ash and pulverized brick additives which were added to the burnt lime to obtain a hydraulic binder were later referred to as cementum, cimentum, cäment and cement. Cements used in construction are characterized as hydraulic or non-hydraulic.
The most important use of cement is the production of mortar and concrete - the bonding of natural or artificial aggregates to form a strong building material which is durable in the face of normal environmental effects.
-There 2 main types of cement used in Malaysia:
- Ordinary Portland Cement
- Rapid Hardening Cement
-Other types of cement are :
- Portland Blastfurnace Cement
- Portland Flyash Cement
- Portland Pozzolan Cement
- Portland Silica Fume cement
- Masonry Cements
- Expansive Cements
- White blended cements
- Colored cements
- Very finely ground cements
Tuesday, March 25, 2008
Other Types of Building
AGRICULTURAL BUILDINGS
- Greenhouse
- Silo
- Stable
- Storm cellar
- Tide mill
- Root cellar
- Hay loft
- Farm house
- Well house
- Shed
- Grainery
- Watermill
- Wind mill
- Horse mill
- Pigpen or styv
COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS
- Bank
- Bar
- Pub
- Brothel
- Casino
- Forum
- Gas station
- Hotel
- Motel
- Market
- Nightclub
- Jazz club
- Office building
- Restaurant
- Skyscraper
- Shop
- Shopping mall
- Stock exchange
- Supermarket
RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS
- Apartment block
- Asylum
- Condominium
- Dormitory
- Duplex
- House
- Nursing home
EDUCATIONAL BUILDINGS
- College
- School
- Library
- Museum
- University
GOVERNMENT BUILDINGS
- capitol
- City hall
- Consulate
- Court
- Embassy
- Fire Station
- Palace
- Parliament
- Police station
- Post Office
INDUSTRIAL BUILDINGS
- Factory
- Power Plant
- Mill
- Refinery
MILITARY BUILDINGS
- barracks
- Bunker
- Castle
- Defensive Wall
- Tower
- Fort
- City Gate
references : www.wikipedia.org
TYPES OF BUILDING
There are 2 main types of building:
1. Residential
2. Multi-Storey
RESIDENTIAL
Residential buildings are called houses/homes. Single family and multi-family dwellings are typically built as shelter and living space. These building types may range from one-room wood-framed, masonry, or adobe dwellings to multi-million dollar high-rise buildings able to house thousands of people. The definition of a low-rise vs. a high-rise residential building is being debated, but generally three stories or less is considered low-rise. -reference : www.wikipedia.org
MULTI-STOREY
A multi-story building(American English, Multi-storey Building British English) is a building that has multiple floors (stories (storeys in British)) above ground in the building.
Multi-story buildings aim to increase the area of the building without increasing the area of the land the building is built on, hence saving land and, in most cases, money (depending on material used and land prices in the area, of course). - reference : www.wikipedia.org
1. Residential
2. Multi-Storey
RESIDENTIAL
Residential buildings are called houses/homes. Single family and multi-family dwellings are typically built as shelter and living space. These building types may range from one-room wood-framed, masonry, or adobe dwellings to multi-million dollar high-rise buildings able to house thousands of people. The definition of a low-rise vs. a high-rise residential building is being debated, but generally three stories or less is considered low-rise. -reference : www.wikipedia.org
MULTI-STOREY
A multi-story building(American English, Multi-storey Building British English) is a building that has multiple floors (stories (storeys in British)) above ground in the building.
Multi-story buildings aim to increase the area of the building without increasing the area of the land the building is built on, hence saving land and, in most cases, money (depending on material used and land prices in the area, of course). - reference : www.wikipedia.org
Monday, February 25, 2008
Building Material
Building material is any material which is used for a construction purpose. Just about every type of available material has been used at one time or another for creating various human and animal homes, structures, and technologies. This reference deals with habitats and structures including homes.
Living spaces and their related structures have been created using myriad materials, from mud to metal, and from plastic to grass. Today the production and assembly of various building materials is a multibillion dollar industry, and environmental concern has recently surfaced about the effects of such a massive resource extraction on a global scale.
Reference: www.wikipedia.org
Living spaces and their related structures have been created using myriad materials, from mud to metal, and from plastic to grass. Today the production and assembly of various building materials is a multibillion dollar industry, and environmental concern has recently surfaced about the effects of such a massive resource extraction on a global scale.
Reference: www.wikipedia.org
Thursday, February 7, 2008
Concept of Building
Buildings serve several needs of society. Along with access to food and drinking water, the need for places that are protected from the outdoors and where one can comfortably live, work, eat, sleep, procreate or engage in leisurely activities has always been a top priority for humans. A building as a shelter represents a physical division of the human habitat into the inside (a place of comfort and safety) and the outside (a place that at times may be harsh and harmful). Humans have a remarkable drive to reflect on their lives and express themselves through art.[1] Ever since the first cave paintings, buildings have become objects of artistic expression. In recent years, interest in sustainable planning and building practices has increased in the U.S.
References
^ Holm, Ivar (2006). Ideas and Beliefs in Architecture and Industrial design: How attitudes, orientations, and underlying assumptions shape the built environment. Oslo School of Architecture and Design. ISBN 8254701741.^ World's oldest building discovered. BBC News. Retrieved on 2000-03-01.
References
^ Holm, Ivar (2006). Ideas and Beliefs in Architecture and Industrial design: How attitudes, orientations, and underlying assumptions shape the built environment. Oslo School of Architecture and Design. ISBN 8254701741.^ World's oldest building discovered. BBC News. Retrieved on 2000-03-01.
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